Vicente Lusitano (c. 1520 – c. 1561)[1][2] was a Portuguese composer and music theorist of the late Renaissance. Some of his works on musical theory and a small number of compositions survive. Lusitano was for a time a Catholic priest and taught in several Italian cities, but later converted to Protestantism.

He is believed to have been of mixed race.[3][4] Since the 1980s, he has been described as the first published black composer